Pipeline: 4.1 Ensure unauthorized API calls are monitored

Description

Real-time monitoring of API calls can be achieved by directing CloudTrail Logs to CloudWatch Logs, or an external Security information and event management (SIEM) environment, and establishing corresponding metric filters and alarms.

It is recommended that a metric filter and alarm be established for unauthorized API calls.

Monitoring unauthorized API calls will help reduce time to detect malicious activity and can alert you to a potential security incident.

CloudWatch is an AWS native service that allows you to observe and monitor resources and applications. CloudTrail Logs can also be sent to an external Security information and event management (SIEM) environment for monitoring and alerting.

Remediation

If you are using CloudTrails and CloudWatch, perform the following to setup the metric filter, alarm, SNS topic, and subscription:

1. Create a metric filter based on filter pattern provided which checks for unauthorized API calls and the <cloudtrail_log_group_name> taken from audit step 1.

aws logs put-metric-filter --log-group-name "cloudtrail_log_group_name" --filter-name "<unauthorized_api_calls_metric>" --metric-transformations metricName=unauthorized_api_calls_metric,metricNamespace=CISBenchmark,metricV alue=1 --filter-pattern "{ ($.errorCode ="*UnauthorizedOperation") || ($.errorCode ="AccessDenied*") && ($.sourceIPAddress!="delivery.logs.amazonaws.com") && ($.eventName!="HeadBucket") }"

Note: You can choose your own metricName and metricNamespace strings. Using the same metricNamespace for all Foundations Benchmark metrics will group them together.

2. Create an SNS topic that the alarm will notify

aws sns create-topic --name <sns_topic_name>

Note: you can execute this command once and then re-use the same topic for all monitoring alarms. Note: Capture the TopicArn displayed when creating the SNS Topic in Step 2.

3. Create an SNS subscription to the topic created in step 2

aws sns subscribe --topic-arn <sns_topic_arn from step 2> --protocol <protocol_for_sns> --notification-endpoint <sns_subscription_endpoints>

Note: you can execute this command once and then re-use the SNS subscription for all monitoring alarms.

4. Create an alarm that is associated with the CloudWatch Logs Metric Filter created in step 1 and an SNS topic created in step 2

aws cloudwatch put-metric-alarm --alarm-name "unauthorized_api_calls_alarm" --metric-name "unauthorized_api_calls_metric" --statistic Sum --period 300 --threshold 1 --comparison-operator GreaterThanOrEqualToThreshold -- evaluation-periods 1 --namespace "CISBenchmark" --alarm-actions <sns_topic_arn>